• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently reported that cigarette smoking among adults in the U.S. has decreased from 20.9% in 2005 to 15.1% in 2015.

As smoking prevalence declines overall, smoking in subgroups becomes increasingly important in terms of…

• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders frequently co-occur, and are associated with a host of complex clinical and public health challenges.
• Additionally, the detrimental effects of concurrent substance use disorders (SUD), for example, cocaine and…

• Integration of substance use disorder (SUD) services within primary care provides an opportunity to increase identification of SUD and improve access to treatment for patients.
• However, SUDs are typically under-detected in the primary care setting, and treatment is rarely actually…

• Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is a prevalent and impairing condition, impacting an estimated 1 in 11 adult users of cannabis, and established psychosocial treatments convey limited efficacy.
• In light of recent findings supporting the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for CUD in…

• The use of prescription opioids has increased dramatically in the past 2 decades, with associated increases in opioid misuse/abuse and opioid overdose.
• These are among the most commonly prescribed medications, with 259 million prescriptions written for opioid pain relievers in the…

• Rates of new HIV infections due to sexual transmission in the United States have been increasing in the last several years, comprising 94% of new cases in 2014.
• Additionally, among people who inject drugs, sexual risk behaviors are independently associated with HIV transmission…

• Opioid use disorder (OUD) has been identified as a national public health crisis.
• Numerous studies have shown that OUD is associated with elevated adverse health and social conditions, and elevated mortality has been observed among individuals with OUD treated in addiction…

• Sexual contact is the primary vector for HIV transmission, present in 90.2% of new infections.
• Data suggest that men and women are impacted differently by sexual risk in the context of heterosexual sex, and often this risk includes the combination of substance use and sexual…

• Misuse of prescription opioid medications has emerged as a major public health challenge over the past two decades, and treatment of prescription opioid use disorders has become extremely common in response, with 746,000 patients receiving such treatment in 2013.
• Since its…

• Opioid use disorder (OUD) is associated with excess mortality, morbidities, and other adverse health and social conditions. OUD is common among individuals with chronic pain conditions, and chronic pain is common among individuals with OUD.
• The relationship between…